Medication Lab Monitoring

Showing 59 of 59 medications

ACE inhibitors / ARBs

Lisinopril, Zestril, Enalapril, Ramipril, Losartan, Cozaar, Valsartan, Diovan, Olmesartan, BenicarCardiac
LabBaselineFrequency
BMP (Cr + K+)1–2 wk after initiation or dose change, then at least annually

Source: KDIGO; ACC/AHA

Acitretin

SoriataneDerm
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsq2–4 wk × 2 mo, then q3 mo
Lipid panelq2–4 wk × 2 mo, then q3 mo
Pregnancy test (hCG)Monthly during therapy and q3 mo for 3 years after stopping

Source: AAD; FDA labeling

Allopurinol

Zyloprim, AloprimRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
Uric acidq2–5 wk during titration, then q6 mo once at target
Cr / eGFRPeriodically
HLA-B*58:01Once before initiation in high-risk ancestry (Han Chinese, Korean with CKD, Thai)
LFTsPeriodically

Source: ACR 2020 gout guideline

Aminoglycosides

Gentamicin, Tobramycin, AmikacinInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
Peak / trough levelsPer protocol (extended-interval: random level with nomogram)
Crq2–3 d during therapy

Source: IDSA

Amiodarone

Pacerone, CordaroneCardiac
LabBaselineFrequency
TSHBaseline, then q6 mo
LFTsBaseline, then q6 mo

Source: ACC/AHA/HRS; package insert

Amphotericin B

AmBisome, AbelcetInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
CrDaily to q2–3 d during therapy
K+ / MgSame schedule as Cr
CBCWeekly

Source: IDSA

Atypical antipsychotics

Olanzapine, Zyprexa, Quetiapine, Seroquel, Risperidone, Risperdal, Aripiprazole, Abilify, Ziprasidone, GeodonPsych
LabBaselineFrequency
A1c / Glucose12 wk after initiation, then annually
Lipid panel12 wk after initiation, then q5 y (annually if abnormal)
ProlactinOnly if symptoms (galactorrhea, amenorrhea, sexual dysfunction)

Source: ADA/APA consensus statement

Azathioprine

Imuran, AzasanRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
TPMT / NUDT15Once before initiation
CBCq1–2 wk during titration, then q3 mo
LFTsq3 mo

Source: ACR; AGA IBD guidance

Carbamazepine

Tegretol, Carbatrol, EquetroAnticonvulsant
LabBaselineFrequency
Carbamazepine levelTrough at steady state; recheck ~4–6 wk after start (autoinduction), then as needed
CBCq3–6 mo for the first year, then annually
SodiumPeriodically, and if confusion/lethargy
LFTsPeriodically
HLA-B*15:02Once before initiation in patients of Asian ancestry

Source: AAN; FDA labeling

Clozapine

Clozaril, VersaclozPsych
LabBaselineFrequency
ANCWeekly × 6 mo, then q2 wk × 6 mo, then monthly (REMS schedule)
A1c / Lipids / Weightq3 mo first year, then annually
Troponin / CRPWeekly × first 4 wk if myocarditis suspected or per local protocol

Source: FDA Clozapine REMS; APA

Colchicine

Colcrys, MitigareRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
Cr / eGFRPeriodically with chronic use
CBCPeriodically with long-term prophylaxis
CKIf muscle symptoms, especially with statin co-therapy

Source: ACR; FDA labeling

Combined oral contraceptives

Sprintec, Yaz, Lo Loestrin, JunelEndocrine
LabBaselineFrequency
None routinelyNo routine labs in healthy users

Source: CDC US MEC

Cyclosporine

Neoral, Sandimmune, GengrafRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
Cyclosporine troughq1–2 wk early, then q1–3 mo when stable
CrWith each level check
K+ / Mg / Uric acidPeriodically
Lipid panelPeriodically

Source: KDIGO

Digoxin

Lanoxin, DigitekCardiac
LabBaselineFrequency
Digoxin level1–2 wk after initiation or dose change (≥6 h post-dose), then if toxicity suspected or renal function changes
BMP (K+, Cr)q6–12 mo, sooner with diuretic changes or acute illness

Source: AHA/HRS; ACC HF guidance

DOACs

Apixaban, Eliquis, Rivaroxaban, Xarelto, Dabigatran, Pradaxa, Edoxaban, SavaysaAnticoagulant
LabBaselineFrequency
Cr / eGFRAt least annually; q6 mo if CrCl <60, sooner with acute illness
CBCAnnually
LFTsAnnually

Source: ACC 2017 expert consensus; ISTH

Ezetimibe

ZetiaLipid
LabBaselineFrequency
Lipid panel4–12 wk after initiation, then q3–12 mo
LFTsBaseline when combined with a statin; repeat only if symptoms

Source: ACC/AHA 2018 cholesterol guideline

Febuxostat

UloricRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
Uric acidDuring titration, then q6 mo
LFTsPeriodically

Source: ACR 2020 gout guideline; FDA

Fibrates

Fenofibrate, Tricor, Gemfibrozil, LopidLipid
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsBaseline, then periodically during therapy
CreatinineWithin 3 mo of initiation, then periodically
CKOnly if muscle symptoms

Source: FDA labeling

Finasteride / Dutasteride

Proscar, Propecia, AvodartEndocrine
LabBaselineFrequency
PSABaseline and 6–12 mo, then per screening schedule

Source: AUA

Fluconazole / azoles (prolonged)

Diflucan, Itraconazole, Sporanox, Voriconazole, VfendInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsPeriodically with prolonged courses

Source: IDSA

GLP-1 receptor agonists

Semaglutide, Ozempic, Wegovy, Liraglutide, Victoza, Dulaglutide, Trulicity, Tirzepatide, Mounjaro, ZepboundDiabetes
LabBaselineFrequency
A1cq3 mo until at goal, then q6 mo
LipaseOnly if persistent severe abdominal pain — routine monitoring not recommended

Source: ADA Standards of Care 2025

Heparin (unfractionated)

UFHAnticoagulant
LabBaselineFrequency
aPTT or anti-Xaq6 h until therapeutic, then daily (therapeutic dosing)
Plateletsq2–3 d from day 4 to day 14
HemoglobinPeriodically during therapy

Source: ACCP CHEST guidelines

Hydroxychloroquine

PlaquenilRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
CBC / LFTs / CrBaseline, then periodically

Source: AAO 2016 retinopathy screening; ACR

Insulin (all types)

Lantus, Basaglar, Tresiba, Levemir, Humalog, Novolog, Lispro, Aspart, Glargine, DegludecDiabetes
LabBaselineFrequency
A1cq3 mo until at goal, then q6 mo
Glucose (SMBG/CGM)Daily self-monitoring or CGM, intensified during titration
PotassiumOnly with IV insulin or DKA management

Source: ADA Standards of Care 2025

Isoniazid

INHInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsBaseline for all; monthly if risk factors (age >35, alcohol, liver disease, pregnancy/postpartum, HIV) or symptoms

Source: ATS/CDC latent TB guidance

Isotretinoin

Accutane, Absorica, ClaravisDerm
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsMonthly until stable on final dose, then as needed
Lipid panel (fasting)Monthly until stable, then as needed
Pregnancy test (hCG)Monthly before each refill (iPLEDGE)

Source: AAD; iPLEDGE REMS

Lamotrigine

LamictalAnticonvulsant
LabBaselineFrequency
Lamotrigine levelOptional; check in pregnancy (clearance rises markedly) or with interacting drug changes (valproate, estrogen, enzyme inducers)

Source: AAN; FDA labeling

Leflunomide

AravaRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsMonthly × 6 mo, then q8 wk
CBCMonthly × 6 mo, then q8 wk
CrPeriodically

Source: ACR; FDA labeling

Levetiracetam

KeppraAnticonvulsant
LabBaselineFrequency
Cr / eGFRPeriodically

Source: AAN

Levothyroxine

Synthroid, Levoxyl, Tirosint, UnithroidEndocrine
LabBaselineFrequency
TSH6–8 wk after initiation or dose change, then annually once stable

Source: ATA 2014 hypothyroidism guideline

Lithium

Lithobid, EskalithPsych
LabBaselineFrequency
Lithium level5–7 d after initiation or dose change (12 h post-dose trough), then q3–6 mo
TSHq6–12 mo
Cr / eGFRq6–12 mo
CalciumAnnually

Source: APA; VA/DoD bipolar guideline

LMWH (enoxaparin)

Lovenox, EnoxaparinAnticoagulant
LabBaselineFrequency
PlateletsPeriodically days 4–14 if prior heparin exposure
Anti-XaOnly in renal failure, pregnancy, extremes of weight (peak 4 h post-dose)
Cr / eGFRBaseline, then with clinical change

Source: ACCP CHEST guidelines

Loop diuretics

Furosemide, Lasix, Torsemide, Bumetanide, BumexRenal/Diuretic
LabBaselineFrequency
BMP (K, Mg, Cr)1–2 wk after initiation or dose change, then q3–6 mo

Source: ACC/AHA HF guideline

Metformin

Glucophage, Fortamet, GlumetzaDiabetes
LabBaselineFrequency
Cr / eGFRAt least annually; q3–6 mo if eGFR 30–60
Vitamin B12q2–3 y with long-term use, or if anemia/neuropathy
A1cq3 mo until at goal, then q6 mo

Source: ADA Standards of Care 2025

Methimazole

TapazoleEndocrine
LabBaselineFrequency
TSH / Free T4q4–6 wk until euthyroid, then q3 mo
CBCBaseline, then immediately if fever or sore throat
LFTsBaseline, then if jaundice, dark urine, or abdominal pain

Source: ATA 2016 hyperthyroidism guideline

Methotrexate (low-dose)

Trexall, Otrexup, RasuvoRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
CBCq2–4 wk × 3 mo, then q8–12 wk × 3–6 mo, then q12 wk
LFTsSame schedule as CBC
Cr / eGFRSame schedule as CBC
Hepatitis B/C serologiesOnce before initiation

Source: ACR 2008/2021 RA guidelines

Niacin (lipid-dose)

NiaspanLipid
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsBaseline, then q6 mo
Glucose / A1cPeriodically, especially in diabetes or prediabetes
Uric acidPeriodically if gout history

Source: FDA labeling

Nitrofurantoin (chronic suppression)

Macrobid, MacrodantinInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsPeriodically with chronic use
Cr / eGFRAnnually
CBCPeriodically

Source: AGS Beers criteria; FDA labeling

PCSK9 inhibitors

Evolocumab, Repatha, Alirocumab, PraluentLipid
LabBaselineFrequency
Lipid panel4–12 wk after initiation, then q3–12 mo

Source: ACC/AHA 2018 cholesterol guideline

Phenytoin

Dilantin, PhenytekAnticonvulsant
LabBaselineFrequency
Phenytoin levelTrough at steady state, then with dose changes, interactions, or toxicity signs; correct for albumin
CBC / LFTsPeriodically
Vitamin Dq1–2 y with long-term use

Source: AAN; FDA labeling

Pioglitazone

ActosDiabetes
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsBaseline, then periodically
A1cq3 mo until at goal, then q6 mo

Source: ADA 2025; FDA labeling

PPIs (long-term)

Omeprazole, Prilosec, Pantoprazole, Protonix, Esomeprazole, Nexium, Lansoprazole, PrevacidGI
LabBaselineFrequency
MagnesiumPeriodically with use >1 y, or if on digoxin/diuretics
Vitamin B12q2–3 y with long-term use

Source: AGA; FDA safety communications

Rifampin

RifadinInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsPeriodically during therapy
CBCPeriodically

Source: ATS/CDC

Sacubitril/Valsartan

EntrestoCardiac
LabBaselineFrequency
BMP (Cr + K+)1–2 wk after each titration step, then periodically

Source: ACC/AHA HF 2022

SGLT2 inhibitors

Empagliflozin, Jardiance, Dapagliflozin, Farxiga, Canagliflozin, InvokanaDiabetes
LabBaselineFrequency
Cr / eGFRBaseline, then at least annually
A1cq3 mo until at goal, then q6 mo
PotassiumPeriodically if CKD or on RAAS inhibitors

Source: ADA Standards of Care 2025

Spironolactone / Eplerenone

Aldactone, CaroSpir, InspraRenal/Diuretic
LabBaselineFrequency
PotassiumWithin 1 wk of initiation or dose change, then q3–6 mo
CreatinineSame schedule as potassium

Source: ACC/AHA HF guideline; RALES protocol

SSRIs / SNRIs

Sertraline, Zoloft, Escitalopram, Lexapro, Fluoxetine, Prozac, Citalopram, Celexa, Venlafaxine, Effexor, Duloxetine, CymbaltaPsych
LabBaselineFrequency
SodiumWithin 2–4 wk of initiation in elderly or diuretic-treated patients, or if confusion/falls

Source: Maudsley guidelines; FDA labeling

Statins

Atorvastatin, Lipitor, Rosuvastatin, Crestor, Simvastatin, Zocor, Pravastatin, PravacholLipid
LabBaselineFrequency
Lipid panel4–12 wk after initiation or dose change, then q3–12 mo
LFTsBaseline only; repeat only if hepatotoxicity symptoms
CKOnly if muscle symptoms (not routine)

Source: ACC/AHA 2018 cholesterol guideline

Sulfasalazine

AzulfidineRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
CBCq2–4 wk × 3 mo, then q3 mo
LFTsSame schedule as CBC
G6PDOnce before initiation in at-risk ancestry

Source: ACR

Sulfonylureas

Glipizide, Glucotrol, Glimepiride, Amaryl, GlyburideDiabetes
LabBaselineFrequency
A1cq3 mo until at goal, then q6 mo
Glucose (SMBG)Home monitoring, especially with dose changes or reduced intake
Cr / eGFRAnnually

Source: ADA Standards of Care 2025

Tacrolimus

Prograf, Envarsus XRRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
Tacrolimus troughq1–2 wk early post-initiation, then q1–3 mo when stable
Cr + K+With each level check
Glucose / A1cq3 mo
MagnesiumPeriodically

Source: KDIGO transplant guideline

Terbinafine (oral)

LamisilDerm
LabBaselineFrequency
LFTsBaseline; consider repeat at 4–6 wk of therapy
CBCIf therapy >6 wk

Source: FDA labeling; AAD

Testosterone

AndroGel, Testim, Depo-Testosterone, Xyosted, JatenzoEndocrine
LabBaselineFrequency
Total testosterone3–6 mo after initiation (timing depends on formulation), then annually
Hematocrit3–6 mo after initiation, then annually
PSA3–12 mo after initiation, then per age-appropriate screening (men ≥40–50)

Source: Endocrine Society 2018

Thiazide diuretics

Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ, Microzide, Chlorthalidone, IndapamideRenal/Diuretic
LabBaselineFrequency
BMP (Na, K)2–4 wk after initiation or dose change, then annually
Glucose / Uric acidPeriodically, especially with diabetes or gout history

Source: ACC/AHA HTN guideline

TMP-SMX (chronic/prophylactic)

Bactrim, SeptraInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
CBCq3 mo with chronic use
K+ / Cr1–2 wk after start if CKD, elderly, or on RAAS inhibitors; then periodically

Source: IDSA; FDA labeling

TNF inhibitors (biologics)

Adalimumab, Humira, Etanercept, Enbrel, Infliximab, Remicade, Golimumab, CertolizumabRheum/Immunosuppressant
LabBaselineFrequency
TB test (IGRA/PPD)Before initiation, then annually if ongoing exposure risk
Hepatitis B serologiesOnce before initiation
CBC / LFTsq3–6 mo

Source: ACR

Valproate / Divalproex

Depakote, DepakeneAnticonvulsant
LabBaselineFrequency
Valproate levelTrough at steady state (3–5 d), then as needed for seizures/toxicity/adherence
LFTsFrequently during first 6 mo, then q6 mo
CBC with plateletsq6 mo and before surgery
AmmoniaOnly if altered mental status

Source: AAN; FDA labeling

Vancomycin (IV)

VancocinInfectious Disease
LabBaselineFrequency
Trough / AUCBefore 4th dose, then per protocol (AUC/MIC 400–600 preferred)
Crq2–3 d inpatient, more often if unstable
CBCWeekly if therapy prolonged (>2 wk)

Source: IDSA/ASHP 2020 vancomycin guideline

Warfarin

Coumadin, JantovenAnticoagulant
LabBaselineFrequency
INRq2–3 d at initiation, then q4 wk once stable (up to q12 wk if consistently stable)
CBCBaseline, then if bleeding signs

Source: ACCP CHEST guidelines